In our looks-obsessed society, many people think that being overweight is an appearance issue. But being overweight is actually a medical concern because it can seriously affect a person's health.
What is overweight? When people keep up a pattern of eating more calories than they burn, more and more fat builds up in their bodies. Eventually, the body gets to a point where the amount of body fat can have a negative effect on a person's health. Doctors use the terms “overweight” or “obese” to describe when someone is at greatest risk of developing weight -- related health problems.
As you've probably heard, more people are overweight today than ever before. Experts are calling this an “obesity epidemic”. This health problem affects young people as well as adults -- one third of all kids between the ages of 2 and 19 are overweight or obese. So younger people are now developing health problems that used to affect adults, like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes.
Obesity tends to run in families. Some people have a genetic tendency to gain weight more easily than others because they burn calories more slowly. During times when food is scarce, this was a real advantage. But now that food is available in most industrialized countries, an efficient metabolism that once ensured our survival now works to our disadvantage.
Although genes strongly influence body type and size, the environment also plays a role. People today may be gaining weight because of unhealthy food choices, like fast food, and family habits, like eating in front of the television instead of around a table, High-calorie, low-nutrient snacks and beverages, bigger portions of food, and less active lifestyles all contribute to the obesity epidemic.
Sometimes people turn to food for emotional reasons, such as when they feel upset, anxious, sad, stressed-out, or even bored. When this happens, they often eat more than they need. Figuring out if a teen is overweight can be more complicated than it is for adults. That's because teens are still growing and developing. Doctors and other health care professionals often use a measurement called body mass index to determine if someone is overweight.
关于超重的翻译。如果生活有人向我们提出要求，接受就是了。
02 1703 - Hotel Booking Check Phone Call
M: Good morning. Could I speak to Florence Gasquet, please?
W: Speaking.
M: Oh, good. Hello, Florence, it's David Carter. I'm calling so we can go through the details of your trip here next week.
W: Fine. Is everything fixed?
M: I think so. The hotel was booked some time ago, and we've now arranged all the meetings, so I just want to go over it all with you.
W: Yes, and I've got something to ask you.
M: Fine, but shall we start from the beginning?
W: Sure.
M: Well, you're coming next Tuesday, the 25th of March, on a United flight, aren't you?
W: Yes, it's quite an early flight. It's UZ3711 and it's scheduled to get to York Airport at 10:30.
M: That's what I thought. I've arranged for a company car to collect you and bring you straight to our offices. The car will have the company name on it, and the driver will be waiting for you outside the main terminal. Just ring me or my secretary if there's a problem.
W: That sounds fine. Which hotel am I in?
M: We've booked you in to Hotel Radisson for two nights. It's where you stayed last time.
W: Oh, yes, I remember the Radisson. It's not far from the Park Avenue, is it?
M: That's right. Anyway, when you arrive here, just ask for me at reception, and then I'll come and find you and we can make a start going through things together. I've arranged to have lunch at 1 o'clock, followed by a meeting with the Sales Director at 3 p.m.
W: That sounds good.
M: There will be several key people at lunch with us, some of whom you've met before. And we've got a new American director who you'll meet then.
W: Fine. I'll look forward to that.
M: We'll then meet the Managing Director at 5 o'clock, as I know you've got several things to discuss.
W: Yes，that's important. Good.
M: You'll stay at Hotel Radisson for two nights, but in fact on Wednesday the 26th we'll be out of town all day as that's the day I've arranged the visit to the main factory.
W: Oh, yes, it's quite near Glasgow, isn't it?
M: Yes, it's about 100 kilometers north, on the way to Edinburgh. It takes about an hour and a half by car. We'll spend all Wednesday there, then we'll come back to York for dinner on Wednesday evening.
W: And I know I've got a morning flight back here on Thursday.
M: Yes, and I'll make sure you'll be taken to the airport in good time for your flight.
W: Well, all that sounds fine. I wanted to ask whether there's going to be any free time, as there's an exhibition
I'd really like to see.
M: Well, that may be difficult, unless you change your flight on Thursday to a later one, so you can go to the exhibition on Thursday morning.
W: Yes, I'll look into that. Don't worry about it for the moment. Is that it for now?
M: Yes, I'm looking forward to seeing you again next Tuesday. Have a good journey.
W: Thanks. Bye.
酒店确认 Phone Call
问题
1703 - News Listening
Managun，Nicaragua
An earthquake with a preliminary magnitude of 6.1 shook the north western coast of Nicaragua late Thursday night not far from the Honduran border. The U.S. Geological Survey said the quake's epicenter was 16 miles northeast of Chinandega, Nicaragua. There were no immediate reports of casualties. The USGS said it had a depth of roughly 6 miles. The quake was felt strongly in Nicaragua's capital, Managua.
The Reuters news service reports it was also felt strongly as far away as Tegucigalpa, the capital of Honduras. The newspaper La Prensa reported that the walls of a church had collapsed in Chinandega, the city closest to the epicenter. The USGS initially reported that the shake had a magnitude of 6.4 but later downgraded it to a 6.1.
Istanbul, Turkey
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has warned the European Union that if it continues threatening his country he will open the border gates and allow hundreds of thousands of migrants to flood into EU countries.
Erdogan, in a speech Friday, reacted furiously to a non-binding resolution approved the previous day by the European Parliament demanding that the bloc freeze membership negotiations with Turkey over the government's heavy-handed crackdown following a failed coup in July.
“We are the ones who feed 3-3.5 million refugees in this country. You have betrayed your promises,” Erdogan told the EU. “If you go any further those border gates will be opened.”
The EU struck a deal earlier this year to return migrants to Turkey in return for a package including aid for the refugees and accelerated membership talks.
Lucknow，India
Fourteen coaches of a passenger train rolled off the track early Sunday, killing 104 people and injuring roughly 150-72 of them were in serious condition, officials said. The Indore-Patna Express derailed just after 03:00 local time near the city of Kanpur.
Rescuers are still trying to reach the injured and recover the dead from the twisted carriages. The cause of the crash near the village of Pukhrayan in northern India is not yet known. However, The Times of India quoted sources as saying a fracture in the track could have been to blame.
Train accidents are common in India, with most accidents occurring due to human error or aging equipment. Trains are the popular mode of transport for millions of Indians and around 23 million passengers use India's vast railway network every day.
Oakland, United States
The American Trucking Association says a shortage of qualified applicants with a commercial driver's license has more than doubled since 2011. Its latest annual report says the nation was short roughly 48,000 drivers last year, with projections of a higher shortage in years to come. The shortfall has become more apparent as the economy picks up, said Barry Skolnick, Waste Management's area vice president for Northern California and Nevada. “If commercial construction picks up, we need to hire more drivers,” he said.
A new partnership between the Waste Management and unions gives young adults-often high school dropouts from low-income communities -- a chance to become teamster drivers after two years of training. Even apprentices work full time collecting organics from commercial businesses in 0akland. Truck driver apprentices earn $20 an hour, and after two years they are eligible for union jobs earning $70,000 annually while working toward a pension.
London ,United Kingdom
Train fares in Britain will go up by an average of 2.3% from 2nd January, the rail industry has announced. The increase covers both regulated fares, which includes season tickets, and unregulated fares, such as off-peak leisure tickets.
The rise in regulated fares had already been capped at July's Retail Prices Index inflation rate of 1.9%. Unregulated fares face no cap. Some unregulated fares are likely to rise by considerably more than 2.3%. That far outstrips the inflation rate, which is currently running at 0.9%, as measured by the Consumer Prices Index.
The pace of fare increases has slowed a little in recent years, but it follows a decade's worth of steeper rises which began in 2004.
It's all because successive governments have changed the way they split the bill for running the service, so that passengers pay more and other taxpayers pay less. About 70% of the total network cost is met from ticket sales now. It used to be about 50%.
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