It is anything but easy for a country of 1.3 billion people to achieve peaceful rise. At present, China faces “three major challenges” in it economic and social development.
The first challenge comes from the shortage of resources, particularly energies. China lags behind the world in terms of per capita hold of resources. Meanwhile, due to the fast speed of our economic development coupled with the low level of science and technology , China’s manufacturing industry is among the most energy-consuming in the world. Consequently, resources in China,especially energies , have been in tight supply.
The second challenge comes from ecological environment. The serious environmental problem caused by severe pollution , deteriorating ecological conditions, huge consumption of resources and low reclamation has already become a bottleneck for the sustainable development of the Chinese economy.
The third challenge is posed by a string of imbalances in economic and social development. Because of this , we need lro balance the rapid and continuous GDP growth rate against the pace of social construction, and balance emphasis on equality and narowing down gaps against efforts to maintain vitality and enhance eflieieney in economic activity.
In the face of these three major challenges, China’s response to them can be summed up in the following three major strategies.
The first is not to follow the old industrialization model but, instead, continue to push forward along the new path of industrialization. Should China follow the old pattern of high input, high constmption and high pollation, it cannot but be the dead end of China’s economy. For this reason, China is determined to blare a new path in industrialization characterized by high technology content, good economie returns, low energy consumption, minimum environmental pollution, and full use of human resources advantage.
The second is to avoid not only the conventional development model of emerging big powers in modern world history, but also the Cold War mentality that draws the line between friends and enemies on ideological basis, continuing to stay engaged in the economic globalization process. China will neither follow the approach of Germany and Japan, both of whom sought world domination in the First and Second World Wars by looting resources around the world by force, nor will it take the post-World-War-II Cold-War confiontational approach in the power struggle for world hegemony. Rather, in participating in the economie globalization process, China will, on the one hand, draw upon and even take in various kinds of achievements from other countries, and , on the other, rely upon itself in building a socialistie country with Chinese characteristics, eventually heading toward the peaceful rise of the nation.
The third strategy is to transcend the anachronistie publie governance model and commit itself to the build-up of a harmonious society. Faced with the new problems cropping up duning the opening up of vitality coexisting with disorder andefficiency running alonpside imbalance, the Chinese government is now focusing its effort on framing a governmental regulatory mechanism so as to enhance goverance capability and improve public service.
In short, the essence of China’s three major strategies in the first half of the twenty-first century is to maintain peaceful relationship with the outside world and build a harmonious society at home. The key point is to lead China’s 1.3 billion people to brace up for the above-mentioned new challenges and go all out to make our country strong. In the process, China will try its utmost to strike win-win deals with other countries of the world, not only to make itself a little better off, but also contribute a bit more to the humankind as a whole.
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