首页   >   新闻   >   文章

高级翻译:定语从句翻译技巧
- 2023 -
08/26
09:59
零号员工
发表时间:2023.08.26     作者:Jingyi     来源:ShoelessCai     阅读:337

01 讲课

几大翻译技巧:
  • 限制性定语从句,译成前置定语。

  • 非限制性定语从句,译成后置并列分句。

  • 限制性定语从句,译成后置的并列分句。

  • 非限制性定语从句,译成前置定语。

  • 定语从句译成偏正复句。

  • 先行词及其定语从句译成主谓结构



让我们先看看这两种定语从句的一般译法。

1.限制性定语从句译成前置定语

Law offers us our best hope of overcoming the differences that prevail the world.
法律使我们对克服世界上普遍存在的分歧有了最大的希望。

I am deeply touched bythe warm' and friendly words the President has just addressed to me.
刚才主席对我所说的热情友好的话使我深受感动。

同样,本单元翻译练里的两句限制性定语从句也可以这样处理。

It is estimated that over 3,000 companies (including non-technology companies) which have completed initial public offerings of stock in the United States over the pasr two decades have received venture capital at some point in their development.
据估计,过去 20 年中在美国完成首次公开发售股票的 3,000 多家公司(包括非科技公司),都在各自发展的某个阶段获得过风险资本。

In instances where such control does nof otherwise exist by virtue of the venture captalist's equity ownership or Board representation , control over certain corporate actions is often obtained through contractual agreement between the venture captalist and the company.
在因为股份所有权不多或在董事会里的代表人数不足而无法进行控制的情况下,风险资本家往往通过与公司签订的合约获得对公司某些行动的控制。

2.非限制性定语从句译成后置的并列分句

The highlight of the evening, however , is Joanna Burling's wife, who seizes the imagination of the audience with her mixture of resignation and attractiveness that is just beginning to fade.
然而,那天晚上最引人注目的人物是由乔安娜扮演的贝林的妻子,她以与世无争的表情,加上她那刚刚开始消退的美貌,握住了观众的想象力。

I told the news to Robert , who fold it to his friend Larry , and soon the news spread all over the campus. ( who = and he)
我把消息告诉了罗伯特,他又告诉了他的朋友莱里,消息很快在校园里传开了。

本单元翻译练习里也有一句非限制性定语从句译成了后置的并列分句。

It is estimated that a majority of the funding currently committed to venture capital entiries has been provided by public or private pension funds, which are allocating increasing perentages of investment funds to “alternative investments” such as venture captal.
据估计,目前投入风险资本实体的资金,大部分是由公共或私人养老基金提供的,这些基金正在将投资资金中越来越多的部分拨给诸如风险资本那样的“非传统投资”。

有时候因为意思上的关系,或者出于汉语句子结构上的考虑,需把限制性定语从句译成后置的并列分句,而把非限制性定语从句译成前置定语。

3.限制性定语从句译成后置的并列分句

There was a law in the city of Athens which gave to its citizens the power of compelling their daughters to marry whomever they pleased.
从前雅典有一条法律,规定该市市民高兴把自己的女儿嫁给谁,就有权强迫她嫁给谁。

Within a period of 5 years preceding 15 May 2007, I have not been a director of any two other companies which have within 5 years of each other gone into liquidation on the ground of insolvency while I was a director or within 3 years aher I ceased to be a director.
在2007年5 月15 日之前的 5 年里,我未曾在任何两家这样的公司担任过董事,即在我任董事期间或在我不再任董事之后 3 年内,这两家公司在5 年内先后因资不抵债而遭到清算。

4.非限制性定语从句译成前置定语

He appeared to be returning home from a walk , for his buckle shoes, whichfollowed a fashion long since ouf of date, were covered with dust.
他好像是散步之后回家去,因为他那早已过时的扣鞋上布满了灰尘。

There was a certain island in the sea, the only inhabitants of which were an old man, whose name was Prospero, and his daughter Miranda, a very beautiful young lady.
海上有一个岛,岛上住着一个叫普洛斯彼罗的老头和女儿米兰达米兰达是个很美丽的年轻姑娘。

5.定语从句译成偏正复句

有的定语从句,从意义上看实际上相当于状语从句,表示原因、目的、结果、让步等关系。这样的定语从句应译成汉语的偏正复句,并加上相应的连接词表明它与主句的逻辑关系。

Norway is, quite naturally, paying great attention to developments in Europe and in the Atlantic community, which are so instruniental to the maintenance of peace and security in our part of the world.
挪威自然十分关切欧洲和大西洋国家的发展,因为这些发展大大有助于维护我们这一地区的和平与安全。

So, let us, in these next five days, start a long march together, not in lockstep, but on different roads leading to the same goal, the goal of building a world structure of peace and justice in which all may stand together with equal dignity, and in which each nation, large or small, has a right to determine its own form of government, free from outside interference or domination.
因此,让我们在今后的 5天里一起开始一次长征吧,不是在一起迈步,而是在不同的道路上向着同一个目标前进。这个目标就是建立一个和平和正义的世界格局,使所有的人都在一起享有同等的尊严,使每一个国家,不论大小,都有权决定自己政府的形式,而不受外来的干涉和统治。

Countless others have written on this theme and it may be that I shall pass unnoticed amongst them; if so, I must comfort myself with the greatness and splendour of my rivals, whose work will rob my own of recognition.
有关这个主题的著作汗牛充栋,我写的书很可能淹没其间,无人在意;倘若如此,那只能是因为我的对手实在是卓尔不群、才华横溢,所以他们的大作才会使得拙著变得默默无闻,我必须藉此聊以自慰。

My uncle, who will be sevenfy tomorrow, is still a keen sportsman. ( = Though he will be seventy tomorrow, my uncle is still a keen sportsman. )
尽管我大伯明天就满 70 岁了,但他仍然热衷于户外运动。

本单元翻译练习里也有这类定语从句译成汉语偏正复句的例子。

6.先行词及其定语从句译成主谓结构

有时候,为了使译文简洁流畅,可以把先行词及其定语从句译成主谓结构。这种译法在文学作品中较常见。

Charlie, who never believed in interfering if it could be avoided, left her alone, hoping that she would eventually come around.
壹理一向认为,只要能避免,就不要插手,所以就没有管,希望她终究会改变主意。

His dark eyes, in which the whole of his long-lost youth seemed to have centered, and uhich contrasted strangely with his snow white hair, gazed calmly on the sights around him or peered into the town below as it lay before him, bathed in the haze of sunset.
他那双黑眼睛好像凝聚着早已逝去的全部青春, 与雪白的头发相映衬,显得很不一般;这双眼睛平静地凝视着周围的景色,或是俯视着前面低处那座被晚霞笼罩着的小城。







02 翻译技巧:前置或后置的定语从句,翻译成并列句子

第一页


第二页






第三页






第四页








原文链接

长按/扫码,有您的支持,我们会更加努力!







TOP 5 精选
回到顶部   回上一级
写文章

最新资讯




直播笔记


热点话题


精品论文


有你的鼓励
ShoelessCai 将更努力





文档免费。保护知识产权,保护创新。