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彭博推送 | 外界呼吁不展露头角的苹果 Siri
- 2025 -
05/27
09:34
零号员工
发表时间:2025.05.27     作者:Jingyi     来源:Bloomberg     阅读:7

由 Jingyi 翻译。

译文

回到 2018 年的时候会觉得很像苹果 AI 团队,最终回到正轨。早些年,Craig 是苹果软件的执行官,召集了其资深员工,以及声称会产生轰动:公司只是煮着 John Giannandrea (AI部门主管),这人此前在谷歌 AI 部门。John 作为其在业界声誉,已经管理了谷歌搜索和 AI 部门。在他的领导之下,他们正在部署前沿的AI照片业务,翻译、Gmail —— 这些工作都是 2014 年收购英国的 DeepMind 开始部署的。

针对苹果的领导力,John 团队建设(hire)只是一场变革,以激烈的反对为代价。这也是他们所希望的,开启这家公司向 AI 集团的转变。苹果是在其联合创始人 Steve 过世的 2011 年退出 AI助手 Siri。一开始,Siri 让人感觉是某种科幻作品的产物 —— 再一次,苹果发起了未来计算的先河,将其改成主流产品。但是,几年内,谷歌、苹果以及其他的竞争者,引进声控的助手(翻译到这里的时候,我录了段铃声……)并将其变成在他们看来非常高端的应用,与此同时,苹果还挣扎着一些基础的理解和命令。

John 在苏格兰出生,将会监视(oversee)所有联合苹果 AI 的工作。几个员工说到,最高管理层长久以来相信,公司的挑战部分是因为内部关于 AI 的意见是分解的,这存在于大量的产品部门。(和其他被采访者一样,员工要求匿名,来讨论一些敏感问题)现在,机器学习的调研,测试运营以及 Siri 将会站在同一条船上。John 将会直接汇报给 CEO Cook,使得 AI 作为软件、硬件都足够出色,主要部门组成苹果的主要力量。

Federighi 兴奋地宣布,这次招聘是显然的,Siri 已经自从其上线也下线了很多多次,现在将该工作转移给 John。“这确实是我们需要 AI 该有的性格” 他告诉员工。除了 John 之前在谷歌工作,人们都认为他是除了 CEO 之外最具备执行力的。现在他将出任网景的 CTO。“你将在这个世界连接到谁?”有些相关人员问道。

John 到任苹果 7 年之后,他带来的积极感已经消失殆尽了。苹果的 AI 更进一步落后了,自从 OpenAI 出版 ChatGPT 并在 2022 年让公众哗然,每家主要的科技公司都加速其力量发展大语言模型,或者同等级别的项目,纳入语音助手,以及其他工具,并将他们的功能提升,再呈现给用户。

苹果就像其他竞争者一样,出台了新的 AI 特征,但是他们大部分情况都延迟发布,或者被其他项目组打败。去年六月,在 wwdc 上,该公司声称苹果科技的使命,“为所有人创造的 AI” —— 这是向一开始 MAC 团队点头示意,首个“点头”在 1984 年,标语是“为所有人创造的电脑”。一些能预见的特征,包括提升写作能力,总结邮件和通知,也包括产生特点的 emoji 和由描述生成图像。该公司也生成 AI 驱动的 Siri 改造和翻新(revamp),苹果首场发布能渗透用户数据的 Siri (充分了解用户的 AI 助手),生成屏幕的回答内容。John 助理问 Siri 关于其母亲的旅行计划。答案天衣无缝地从邮件以及短信中显示出来,还能助力答案精进迭代。苹果称用户将会控制他们的设备,用Siri 这种新的方式,选择、收割、发送短信图片给到亲戚朋友,例如,不用触屏。

coup 政变
disaggregated 已经分解的
a slew of 大量
palpable 明白的

百度翻译

早在2018年,苹果股份有限公司的人工智能努力似乎终于步入正轨。那年年初,苹果公司软件主管克雷格·费德里吉召集了他的高级职员,宣布了一项轰动一时的招聘:该公司刚刚从谷歌挖走约翰·詹安德里亚担任人工智能主管。JG在业内广为人知,他一直在管理谷歌的搜索和人工智能部门。在他的领导下,团队正在照片、翻译和Gmail中部署尖端的人工智能技术,这项工作以及2014年收购英国先锋公司DeepMind,使谷歌成为人工智能领域的领导者。

对于苹果的领导层来说,聘请吉安安德里亚不仅仅是一场以牺牲其最强劲的竞争对手为代价的政变。他们希望,这也是该公司向人工智能强国转型的开始。就在联合创始人史蒂夫·乔布斯于2011年去世之前,苹果公司推出了其语音助手Siri。起初,Siri感觉就像科幻小说中的东西——苹果再次采用了一种未来主义的计算概念,并将其变成了一种主流产品。但几年内,谷歌、亚马逊股份有限公司和其他竞争对手推出了感觉更先进的语音助手,而苹果则在基本理解和命令方面举步维艰。

苏格兰出生的Giannandrea将负责管理一个整合苹果所有人工智能工作的团队。几名员工表示,长期以来,高管们一直认为,苹果面临的挑战部分源于苹果人工智能努力的分散性,这些努力被分散在一系列不同的产品开发团队中。(与本文采访的其他人一样,这些员工要求匿名讨论敏感问题。)现在,机器学习研究、测试操作和Siri将在一个保护伞下。Giannandrea将直接向首席执行官蒂姆·库克(Tim Cook)汇报,让人工智能与软件、硬件和服务同等重要,这些是构成苹果员工队伍的主要群体。

费德里吉宣布这一消息时的兴奋是显而易见的——Siri自推出以来已被多次移交,最终由他接管,现在他将其转交给吉安安德里亚。“这正是我们人工智能所需要的那种人,”他告诉他的员工。除了Giannandrea在谷歌的工作,许多人认为他是除首席执行官之外最有权势的高管,他还曾担任互联网先驱网景的首席技术官。参与招聘的人问:“你还会得到谁?”。

Giannandrea上任七年后,他带来的乐观情绪已经消失了。苹果的人工智能只会进一步落后。自2022年OpenAI的ChatGPT软件进入公众意识以来,每家主要科技公司都加快了开发大型语言模型(LLM)的步伐,这些模型为这些程序提供动力,将它们整合到语音助手和其他工具中,并向消费者宣传。

与竞争对手一样,苹果也推出了新的人工智能功能,但它们大多以延迟和令人印象深刻而闻名。去年6月,在其全球开发者大会(WWDC)上,该公司宣布了Apple Intelligence,称其为“我们其他人的人工智能”,这是对最初的Mac台式机的致敬,该台式机于1984年首次被称为“我们其余人的电脑”。承诺的功能包括改进写作、汇总电子邮件和通知的新工具,以及根据书面描述生成自定义表情符号和图像。该公司还预览了人工智能驱动的Siri改造。

苹果公司表示,语音助手将首次能够深入研究用户的个人数据和屏幕内容,以回答询问。为了证明这一点,Giannandrea的一位高级副手向Siri询问了她妈妈的旅行计划。答案无缝地利用了电子邮件和短信中的信息来帮助构建行程。苹果公司表示,用户还可以通过Siri以新的方式控制他们的设备:例如,在不触摸屏幕的情况下选择、裁剪和向家人发送照片。

原文

Back in 2018 it looked like Apple Inc.’s artificial intelligence efforts were finally getting on track. Early that year, Craig Federighi, Apple’s software chief, gathered his senior staff and announced a blockbuster hire: The company had just poached John Giannandrea from Google to be its head of AI. JG, as he’s known in the industry, had been running Google’s search and AI groups. Under his leadership, teams were deploying cutting-edge AI technology in Photos, Translate and Gmail—work that, along with the 2014 acquisition of the pioneering British company DeepMind, had given Google a reputation as a leader in AI.

To Apple’s leadership, the Giannandrea hire wasn’t just a coup at the expense of their fiercest rival. It was also, they hoped, the start of the company’s transformation into an AI powerhouse. Just before the death of co-founder Steve Jobs in 2011, Apple had unveiled its voice assistant, Siri. At first, Siri felt like something out of science fiction—once again, Apple had taken a futuristic computing concept and turned it into a mainstream product. But within a few years, Google, Amazon.com Inc. and other competitors had introduced voice assistants that felt far more advanced, while Apple’s struggled with basic comprehension and commands.

The Scottish-born Giannandrea would oversee a group that united all of Apple’s AI work. Several employees say top executives had long believed the company’s challenges traced in part to the disaggregated nature of Apple’s AI efforts, which were divided among a slew of different product development teams. (The employees, like others interviewed for this article, requested anonymity to discuss sensitive matters.) Now, machine learning research, testing operations and Siri would be under one umbrella. Giannandrea would report directly to Chief Executive Officer Tim Cook, giving AI the same prominence as software, hardware and services, the main groups that make up Apple’s workforce.

Federighi’s excitement in announcing the hire was palpable—Siri had been handed off multiple times since its launch, ending up with him, and now he was passing it off to Giannandrea. “This is exactly the kind of person we needed for AI,” he told his staff. In addition to Giannandrea’s work at Google, where many considered him the most powerful executive except the CEO, he’d been chief technology officer of internet pioneer Netscape. “Who else in the world would you get?” asks someone involved in the hire.

Seven years after Giannandrea arrived, the optimism he brought with him is gone. Apple’s AI has only fallen further behind. Since OpenAI’s ChatGPT software burst into public consciousness in 2022, every major tech company has accelerated its efforts to develop the large language models (LLMs) that power such programs, incorporate them into voice assistants and other tools, and hype them to consumers.

Apple, like its competitors, has rolled out new AI features, but they’ve mostly been notable for being delayed and underwhelming. Last June, at its Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), the company announced Apple Intelligence, calling it “AI for the rest of us”—a nod to the original Mac desktop, first marketed in 1984 as “the computer for the rest of us.” Promised features included new tools for improving writing, summarizing emails and notifications, as well as for generating custom emoji and images from written descriptions. The company also previewed an AI-driven revamp of Siri.

For the first time, Apple said, the voice assistant would be able to delve into a user’s personal data and on-screen content to answer queries. To demonstrate, a top Giannandrea deputy asked Siri about her mom’s travel plans. The answer drew seamlessly on information from emails and text messages to help construct an itinerary. Apple said users would also be able to control their devices in new ways through Siri: choosing, cropping and emailing photos to family members, for example, without touching the screen.



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